Bentonite is rich in resources, products for metallurgy, casting, drilling mud applications
Bentonite mineral resources in China, which is widely distributed. According to the bentonite deposits ( points ) hue, distribution, bentonite deposits in China can be divided into 5 main mineral belt,4 major production areas. First ore zone composed of jiutai, Jilin province, Heilongjiang bin, dual, Montenegro, Jianping and Lingyuan in Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, and Shaanxi to Sichuan province ; II ore belt, Eastern Heilongjiang province hailin County in Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Hubei and Hunan ; III ore zone, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi Autonomous Region ; Fourth belt to Gansu, Xinjiang ; Fifth belt of Tibet to Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. One to four mine bentonite ore 4 major production areas.
According to the national mineral resources and reserves of the Ministry of land and resources information, 2014 Year total of bentonite mining area in China 208 Proved reserves 28.73 Million tons, about three quarters of world total 60% Or so. Seen from the distribution of provinces, China bentonite resources distributed in 23 provinces, which identified reserves of more than billion tons, Guangxi, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Anhui and other 10 provinces.
Full range of bentonite deposit in our country, both calcium bentonite and sodium bentonite, in addition, hydride, aluminium base, sodium calcium base bentonite and other classes, most calcium bentonite, 70% Above. In recent years, our country has found a large quality of sodium bentonite ore, but the majority of NA-bentonite deposits under the soil next to the CA-soil, buried deeper, mining difficulties.
From production to consumption, bentonite enterprises have developed rapidly in China in recent years, mining companies, hundreds of mainly in the resource location, number of processing enterprises reaches 1000 A number of. Our bentonite products are mostly consumed domestically, metallurgy of iron ore pellets in the field of bentonite consumption accounting for about 51%, casting area consumption accounting for about 15%, drilling mud areas accounting for about 18%, and the rest used in petroleum, chemical industry, light industry, textiles, agriculture and building materials. High-end bentonite products for consumption in China still needs to import.
In recent years, due to continuously discover new bentonite deposits abroad, China as the world's main producing area of bentonite advantage decreases. 2013 year, due to China's increased demand for high-end bentonite, domestic production of high-end products in the alternatives section, but domestic production of high-end products are technically also subject to certain restrictions, China's import quantity of bentonite gradually warming trend. However, the slowing demand in the new normal. China bentonite drilling field, metallurgy and casting area effect remains in the doldrums, bentonite consumption continues to decline, weak market demand.
Problem: small scale, low levels of technology, excess capacity, low resource utilization
First, small scale, low level of technology and equipment, low industrial concentration, distribution is not rational. China bentonite mining hundreds of businesses, but for medium and small enterprises, enterprises above the designated size are scarce, mainly on resources. Bentonite processing enterprises nationwide, there are about 1000 homes, some with its own mineral resources. No more than 3 billion yuan output value of enterprises. Processing enterprises clusters in China and homogenization, fewer large-scale enterprises independent innovation capacity, insufficient investment in research and development, technical support, technical level, equipment level, it is difficult to develop core competitive power of products.
Second, excess capacity, and disorderly competition in the market. Because companies do not have the capacity to develop the core competitiveness of products, malignant competition among enterprises is serious, China's bentonite price lower than the price of similar foreign products, product quality cannot be guaranteed.
Third, serious waste of resources. Many enterprises will be produced of bentonite bentonite direct sales, or sales after processing by simple, low value-added products, waste of resources, the resource value is not fully reflected.
Four are unreasonable product mix, high-end product shortages. Is bentonite producer in China, but not producing power. At present, many high-end products to be imported, at a disadvantage in the foreign trade activities. Application of bentonite in China have reached 24 fields, still lowest in the industry. For example, in the paper industry, China can only produce retention aid and drainage aid, unable to produce high-end products such as white water treatment agents ; In the paint industry, China's only production of coatings thickener, but not production of water in water additives ; China's only production of activated white clay, was unable to produce carbonless copy paper materials, additives, and so on.
Recommendations to strengthen technology innovation in basic research and further processing of bentonite, materials of importance to the function of bentonite minerals development and application
Under the new situation, and bentonite industries in China how to develop ? The author suggests: First, improve access conditions to accelerate the implementation of group strategy, improve industry concentration. Cultivation with strong research and development and innovation capacity, large companies with leading products. With this platform, by integrating and upgrading, readjustment of the industrial structure and technological innovation of bentonite, the efficient utilization of mineral resources.
Secondly, to strengthen the innovation of basic research and further processing of bentonite. Strengthening expanded run soil of based nature research and processing technology and equipment of innovation development, speed up solution China expanded run soil industry development of technology restricted, improve China expanded run soil processing technology and products quality control technology, promoted processing equipment to large, and intelligent of development, development expanded run soil series, and high-end of products, full achieved different Endowment resources of resources value, play good China expanded run soil mine of resources advantage.
Third, pay attention to functional mineral material development and application of bentonite. Because of its functional properties of bentonite, as a function of energy-mineral materials valued, but also opens up new space for industry development of bentonite in the future, this area will be an increasing demand for bentonite. Should pay attention to the function of bentonite minerals research and development, expand the scope of and applications of bentonite. Finally, establish management systems.
In short, bentonite in China should advance the supply side reforms, speed up the transformation of development mode and economic restructuring, scientific and technological research and development, making China bentonite country become a bentonite power.