Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture has developed a "green vegetable tea organic fertilizer Alternative fertilizer Action Plan", in order to accelerate the development of agricultural green, we should take the fruit and vegetable tea production as the focus, establish the long-term mechanism of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, promote the recycle of resources, realize the efficiency of cost-saving and efficiency, and explore the road of modern agricultural development with high productivity, product safety, resource conservation and environment
November 2016, "China's agricultural materials" in the continuous planning phase two related to the "development of organic fertilizer and tea alternative fertilizer action Program" in-depth report, micro-letter clicks Breakthrough 40,000 mark, causing high concern in the industry, now "the development of fruit and vegetable tea organic fertilizer Alternative fertilizer action Plan" has been refined landing, will guide farmers out of an "organic + inorganic" fertilization Road, "Chinese agricultural" will continue to pay attention to.
The total nutrient of organic fertilizer resources in China is about more than 70 million tons
Actual utilization less than 40%
Great potential for future development.
It is imperative to replace some fertilizer with organic fertilizer and tea
Over the years, in order to promote the increase of production, guarantee supply, the use of agricultural resources, excessive fertilizer investment, especially fruit, vegetables, tea production scale is expanding, coupled with the rapid transfer of rural labor, livestock and poultry breeding waste, such as organic fertilizer resources, resulting in cost increase and environmental pollution, but also affect the quality of products and It is very urgent and important to carry out organic fertilizer and tea instead of chemical fertilizer.
To carry out organic fertilizer and tea to replace fertilizer is the result of the times, the following advantages: first, to promote the need for agricultural efficiency. At present, the total amount of fertilizer application in China is much higher than that in the United States, EU and other developed countries. In particular, fruit, vegetable fertilizer use more, fruit trees are more than twice times the amount of fertilizer in Japan, the United States 6 times times, the European Union 7 times times, vegetable acres are more than Japan's chemical fertilizer consumption 12.8 kilograms higher than the United States 29.7 kg, 31.4 kilograms higher than the European Union. Excessive use of fertilizers increases production costs. The development and utilization of rich organic fertilizer resources in China, the implementation of organic fertilizer instead of fertilizer, fruit and vegetable tea is beneficial to increase efficiency. The second is to promote product quality and efficiency. Excessive application of chemical fertilizers and decrease of organic fertilizer amount affect product quality. The third is to promote the development of circular agriculture. The development and utilization of rich organic fertilizer resources in China support farmers to make use of animal manure to produce organic fertilizer, which is beneficial to the realization of resource recycle. Four is to protect the agricultural ecological environment needs. The exploitation of China's rich organic fertilizer resources and the application of organic fertilizer instead of fertilizer can reduce the pollution of soil and water and protect the ecological environment.
Explore the formation of a number of combination of production patterns, integration of a set of commercial organic manure, biogas residue harmless treatment of waste gas and other technical models, for organic fertilizer to replace the fertilizer created conditions.
Technology maturity is the guarantee of organic substitution action
From the perspective of the big environment, there is a better policy environment. The central government is taking a series of powerful measures to protect the ecological environment and carry out sustainable development. Second, organic manure is rich in resources. Third, there is a mature technology model. Explore the formation of a number of integrated production patterns, the integration of a set of livestock and poultry manure heap retting, the application of organic manure, biogas residue harmless treatment of farmland, crop straw cover and other technical models, for organic fertilizer to replace the fertilizer created conditions.
Developing eco-circulation agriculture, promoting the quality and benefit of fruit and vegetable tea as the goal, highlighting the advantages of fruit and vegetable tea, core producing area, famous brand production base, speeding up organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, achieving cost-effective, improving efficiency, promoting agricultural transformation and upgrading and sustainable development, this is the overall idea of On this basis, we should stick to policy guidance. Implementation of the green ecological-oriented agricultural subsidy policy, support farmers and new types of agricultural management, such as the use of livestock and poultry breeding waste resources produced by the organic fertilizer, encourage farmers to take straw return farmland, grass cover and other measures to reduce the amount of fertilizer, reduce production costs, improve the ecological environment. Adhere to the classification guide. According to the demand of fertilizer and organic fertilizer resources in different regions and crops, the application of organic fertilizer in accordance with production practice should be popularized in accordance with local conditions, and the corresponding organic fertilizer utilization facilities should be used, so as to save time and convenience for farmers to use, use and effect. We should cultivate new service subjects, carry out socialized service such as fertilizer integration, and accelerate the popularization and application of organic fertilizer. Selection of fruit and vegetable tea advantage areas, the core areas of the key counties (cities, districts) and livestock and poultry breeding counties (cities, districts), to promote the combination of breeding, speed up the utilization of livestock and poultry waste resources, to create a group of organic fertilizer replacement, green high-quality agricultural production base (Park).
2017, selected 100 fruit and vegetable tea key counties (city, district) to carry on the organic fertilizer substitution fertilizer demonstration.
2020, fruit and vegetable tea in the dominant areas of fertilizer use reduced by more than 20%, fruit and vegetable tea core production areas and well-known brands, fertilizer consumption decreased by more than 50% ...
Making a phased goal to achieve "one minus two"
2017, selected 100 fruits and vegetables Tea key counties (city, district) to carry out organic fertilizer alternative fertilizer demonstration, the creation of a group of well-known brands of fruit and vegetable tea, integrated a group of replicable, sustainable organic fertilizer replacement of fertilizer production and operation mode, to build a batch, into a batch. In the past 3-5 years, the organization and policy system of substituting organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer were established, and the production technology model of organic fertilizer substitution fertilizer was integrated, and the long-term mechanism of vegetable and tea organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer was constructed.
Clear the thinking, in time for innovation to set achievable small goals. Achieve the "one minus two" target as soon as possible.
First, the amount of fertilizer is significantly reduced. By 2020, fruit and vegetable tea in the dominant areas of fertilizer use reduced by more than 20%, fruit and vegetable tea core production areas and well-known brand base (park) fertilizer usage decreased by more than 50%.
Second, the product quality significantly improved. By 2020, in the fruit and vegetable tea dominant areas to accelerate the promotion of "three-product-standard" certification, the creation of a number of local features prominent, distinctive regional public brands, to promote a substantial increase in quality indicators, 100% in line with food safety standards or agricultural product quality and safety industry standards.
Third, the soil quality is obviously improved. By 2020, the soil organic matter content of orchard in advantageous producing area reached 1.2% or more than 0.3%, the content of organic matter in tea garden soil reached 1.2% or more than 0.2%, and the organic matter content of vegetable soil stabilized above 2%. The problems of orchard, tea plantation, vegetable soil impoverishment, acidification and secondary salinization are improved.
The realization of the goal needs to be promoted from the following points: first, to improve the combination of planting and aquaculture. Second, improve the application of organic fertilizer technology and supporting facilities level. Third, promote standardized production and brand creation level. The promotion of the main body and the supply level of green products.